Children with
Special Educational Needs
By Wiji Astuti
It is important to
remember that inclusive education is not just about the particular school or
class a child attends. It is also about what goes on in that school or class. Inclusive
education means encouraging each child to take part in the everyday activity of
the school, and helping every child to achieve the most from school. Inclusive
education means ensuring that the system adjusts to meet children’s needs,
rather than expecting children to ‘fit’ into the system. What is a Learning Disability?.
A special educational need represents only one aspect of a child’s development;
it should not define the child. There are many other dimensions to a child’s
development including personality, the ability to communicate (verbal and
non-verbal), resilience and strength, the ability to appreciate and enjoy life,
and the desire to learn, whatever their potential ability.
Student with special
needs is a student with specifically different mental, social, emotional, or
physical characteristics from those of a normal student (Lakshita, 2017:7). Student
with special needs is classified into several categories namely: student with
visual impairment, student with hearing impairment, student with speech
impairment, student with intellectual disability, student with physical
impairment, student with emotional and social impairment, and gifted student (
Setiawan. A 2018)
A special educational
need represents only one aspect of a child’s development; it should not define
the child. There are many other dimensions to a child’s development including
personality, the ability to communicate (verbal and non-verbal), resilience and
strength, the ability to appreciate and enjoy life, and the desire to learn,
whatever their potential ability.
The definition of
‘special education’ has raised considerable debate among professionals, parents
and the individuals directly involved. Certain terminologies have emerged to
describe those people needing particular types of education, including:
‘exceptional children’, ‘handicapped children’ and ‘children with special education
needs’. These children are recognized as having mental, emotional, physical or
social needs which, following a diagnosis may require therapeutic intervention
or special care by qualified specialists (Foreman, 2009). The term ‘Special
Educational Needs’ (SEN) was proposed by the Warnock Report (Department of Education
and Science, DES, 1978).
How are a Child’s Educational
Needs Assessed?. The
class teacher plays a key role in assessing, supporting and teaching children
with special educational needs. They can be supported in their work by resource
and learning support teachers. Other professionals may become involved to
provide further in-depth assessment to highlight pupils’ learning strengths and
needs, where this is required.
References
Setiawan,A. & Astuti.W (2018).
Development of Children’s Anxiety Test Special Needs . (Proceeding
International on Education). http://jurnal.ustjogja.ac.id
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